Can Natto Strengthen the Immune System Through Its Nutritional Benefits?

Introduction

Natto, a traditional Japanese food made from fermented soybeans, has gained attention for its potential health benefits. One of the areas of interest is whether natto can help strengthen the immune system. This article examines the nutritional components in natto that contribute to immune system health, based on a critical review by Saeed et al. (2022).

Nutritious Components of Natto

Natto is rich in vitamins, minerals, and other bioactive compounds that are beneficial to health. These components can be critical in supporting the immune system. Let's explore the key nutrients found in natto.

Vitamin K2

Vitamin K2 is a form of vitamin K that is especially beneficial for immune system health. Saeed and colleagues (2022) highlight that natto is one of the richest sources of vitamin K2. This vitamin is involved in the production of osteocalcin, a protein that promotes bone health. However, it also plays a significant role in immune function by supporting the production of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which help to modulate the immune response.

Folate and Vitamins B6 and B12

Folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 are essential for immune cell development and function. Saeed et al. (2022) mention that natto is a good source of folate, which is crucial for DNA synthesis and repair in immune cells. Vitamin B6 and B12 are involved in the metabolism of amino acids and the production of neurotransmitters, which are vital for proper immune function.

Magnesium and Zinc

Magnesium and zinc are minerals that play a vital role in immune system health. Magnesium is involved in the synthesis of immunoglobulins, which are antibodies that fight off pathogens. Zinc, on the other hand, is essential for the function of various immune cells, such as T cells and B cells, which are responsible for the body's adaptive immune response.

Natto and Immune Function

Research has shown that the immune system benefits from a variety of nutrients that are present in natto. The combination of vitamin K2, folate, vitamins B6 and B12, magnesium, and zinc can enhance the overall immune response. Here's how these nutrients support immune function:

Supporting Osteocalcin Production

As mentioned earlier, vitamin K2 is essential for the production of osteocalcin. This protein has been linked to the regulation of immune cell function. Osteocalcin can bind to receptors on immune cells, affecting their behavior and function. Studies have shown that individuals with higher levels of osteocalcin have a more balanced and effective immune response, which is crucial for preventing infections and maintaining overall health.

Enhancing Treg Activity

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in maintaining immune balance. Natto, through its vitamin K2 content, supports the production of Tregs, which help to regulate the immune response. This is important because an overactive immune system can lead to autoimmune diseases, while a weakened immune system is more susceptible to infections. By promoting Treg activity, natto can help to maintain immunological balance.

Improving Immune Cell Function

The combination of vitamin B6, B12, and folate found in natto can improve the function of various immune cells. These vitamins are involved in amino acid metabolism, which is necessary for the production and function of immune cells. Additionally, zinc, another important nutrient in natto, supports the function of T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. All of these cells play crucial roles in the body's immune response, and their optimal function can enhance the overall effectiveness of the immune system.

Conclusion

Natto is a nutritious food that provides a variety of vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds that can support immune health. The key nutrients in natto, such as vitamin K2, folate, vitamins B6 and B12, magnesium, and zinc, all contribute to the immune system's ability to fight off pathogens and maintain overall health. While more research is needed to fully understand the immune-strengthening effects of natto, the existing evidence suggests that incorporating natto into your diet can be beneficial for immune function.

References:

Afzaal M., Saeed F., Islam F., Ateeq H., Asghar A., Shah Y.A., Ofoedu C.E. and Chacha J.S. 2022. Nutritional Health Perspective of Natto: A Critical Review. Biochemistry Research International. 2022:5863887. doi: 10.1155/2022/5863887.