Why is Cheddar Orange? Unveiling the Secrets Behind This Cheese's Vibrant Color
Introduction to Cheddar Cheese
Cheddar cheese, a beloved dairy delight originating from the small town of Cheddar in Somerset, England, has been a staple in households worldwide for centuries. However, the history and true nature of this cheese are often shrouded in mystery, particularly regarding its color. Many people are under the impression that cheddar is naturally orange, but the reality is quite different. In this article, we will delve into the fascinating stories behind the color of cheddar and shed light on the differences between mass-produced cheddar and the authentic, cave-aged versions.
The Origin of Cheddar Cheese
Cheddar cheese is not orange by default. In fact, the real cheddar cheese is a pale yellow in color, a result of its natural composition and the process it undergoes during maturation. This process, which involves specific cave conditions in Cheddar Gorge, greatly enhances the flavor and texture of the cheese. However, in many foreign countries, producers add artificial colorants to make the cheese look more appealing and uniform. This addition is not a traditional or authentic process, and it is something to be aware of when purchasing cheddar cheese.
The Color Controversy
The episode of America's Test Kitchen provides a thorough discussion on the subject of artificial coloring in cheddar cheese. Cheese producers in the United States add artificial colorants to ensure a consistent orange hue throughout the year, as natural cheddar can vary in color due to seasonal changes. This practice was introduced to address consumer concerns about the natural variation in cheese color, making it easier and more consistent for merchants to sell.
Natural Versus Artificial Coloring
Cheddar cheese, as originally made in England, is naturally a very pale yellow. The color can vary slightly depending on the season, with summer cheddar being more yellow due to the increased intake of grass by the cows. This is the traditional and authentic way of making cheddar. However, in foreign countries, particularly in the United States, cheddar is often dyed to maintain a consistent and appealing orange color. The most common additive used for artificial coloring is annatto, which is a natural dye obtained from the achiote plant.
Other Orange-Colored English Cheeses
While we’re talking about the color of English cheeses, it's worth noting that some other traditional English cheeses are also orange-colored. These include Double Gloucester and Cheshire. One of the most famous varieties that has been dyed for a long time is Red Leicester, a cheese that is similar to cheddar but with a nuttier flavor and a deeper orange color. In the past, this color was achieved using carrot juice, but today, annatto is used for consistency. The term "Red" in this cheese's name only dates back to post-World War II, when coloring was banned, making all cheese white. After the war and rationing ended, traditional Leicester cheese could be made again, and to distinguish it from the white variety, it was called Red Leicester.
Health and Safety Concerns
Annatto is a safer additive compared to synthetic dyes. It is derived from a plant and does not contain harmful chemicals. Therefore, it is generally considered one of the safer ingredients to add to food products. While natural dyes like annatto can improve the appearance of cheese, it is important for consumers to know where their food comes from and what additives are used in its production.
Understanding the true nature of cheddar cheese and its coloring adds depth to our appreciation of this versatile and delicious dairy product. By supporting artisanal cheesemakers and choosing authentic, cave-aged cheddar, we can enjoy the full spectrum of flavors and experiences that traditional cheddar offers.