Who Invented Vegans and Why: The Origin of Veganism and the Birth of 'Vegan'

The term veganism has become increasingly popular as more people embrace a lifestyle and dietary choice that prioritizes ethical, environmental, and health concerns. However, the origins of this term, and the individuals responsible for coining it, are often misunderstood. In this article, we delve into the history of veganism and explore the pivotal figure behind the creation of the word 'vegan' - Donald Watson.

Historical Context of Vegetarianism

The roots of vegetarianism can be traced back to ancient civilizations. Philosophers like Pythagoras and Siddhārtha Gautama Buddha, as noted, had vegetarian practices or beliefs. Many religious and cultural traditions also embraced vegetarianism. For instance, in Hinduism, vegetarianism has been a long-standing tradition, with specific texts emphasizing compassion towards all beings. Similarly, the early Christian tradition of fasting led to a vegetarian diet on certain days.

The Emergence of Modern Vegetarianism

Modern vegetarianism, however, developed differently. It gained traction in the early 20th century amid growing consciousness about animal welfare, the environment, and health benefits. Organizations like the Animal Lovers League of London and the British Vegetarian Society were key in promoting vegetarian lifestyles. These societies focused on both the ethical and health aspects of a plant-based diet.

The Coined Term: Vegan

While strict vegetarianism began in the 6th century BCE, it was not until 1944 that the term vegan was created by Donald Watson and his colleagues. In November of that year, Watson, along with five other non-dairy vegetarians, including Elsie Shrigley, convened to discuss the need for a term to describe those who followed a non-dairy vegetarian lifestyle more succinctly.

At their meeting, the group considered various names such as 'dairyban' and 'vitan' but rejected them. The term 'vegan' was inspired by the first three letters of 'vegetarian' and the last two letters of 'eigen,' which means 'self' in German, signifying a lifestyle choice with a strong personal ethical stance.

Watson and the Vegan Society

Donald Watson founded the Vegan Society on November 13, 1944, with 25 former members of the British Vegetarian Society. The society aimed to promote a more holistic and strict vegetarian lifestyle, moving away from dairy and other animal products. This new organization was a response to the strong beliefs of its members about the importance of ethical and environmental concerns in daily life.

The Evolution of Veganism

Since its inception, the term 'vegan' has evolved to encompass a broader spectrum of beliefs and practices. Today, veganism is not only about diet but also about ethical consumption, animal welfare, environmental sustainability, and health. The evolution of veganism has seen the development of plant-based 'meats' and other products that cater to modern vegans, ensuring they have accessible and enjoyable options.

In conclusion, while people who could be described as 'vegans' undoubtedly existed in ancient times, the term itself and the movement it represents are largely due to the efforts and insight of Donald Watson and the early members of the Vegan Society. The creation of the term 'vegan' marked the beginning of a new era in lifestyle and dietary choices, one that continues to grow in popularity and influence.

Keywords: Veganism, Vegetarianism, Vegan Society, Donald Watson