What is the Fourth Cup of the Seder Meal Called?

Introduction to the Seder

The Seder meal is a significant and central event in Jewish tradition, marking the celebration of Passover. It consists of several cups of wine, known as arba kosot, each with its own symbolic significance and place in the ritual. These four cups represent distinct aspects of the Exodus story, forming the core of the ritualistic drinking during the Seder.

The Meaning of Arba Kosot

Traditionally, the four cups of wine are called by the words from the Hebrew Bible that describe the actions taken by God to free the Israelites from slavery. These terms are:

v'hotzeiti - I will bring out (Exodus 6:6) v'hitzalti - I will rescue (Exodus 6:6) v'gaalti - I will redeem (Exodus 6:6) v'lekachti - I will take (Exodus 6:6)

This list is often used in the context of the Seder to identify each of the four cups.

Alternative Naming Methods

During my years teaching children in dayschools and yeshivot, we used various methods to help them understand and remember the names of these cups. For younger students, we would have them paste or cut out labels with the names of each cup. This method helps reinforce the symbolism of each cup in a more interactive and engaging manner.

Common Naming Practices

Over the years, I have never heard these cups referred to by anything other than their sequential numbers - the first cup, the second cup, the third cup, and the fourth cup. The naming can be seen as quite straightforward and simple, emphasizing the order in which they are consumed during the Seder.

Proposed Naming Schemes

While the traditional numbering system is widely used, there are alternative names that could be used to make each cup more meaningful and personalized:

Kiddush Start of Seder Start of Meal Closing Blessing of Meal Hallel

These names could add depth and significance to each cup, helping to emphasize the unique role each plays in the Seder ritual.

Conclusion

The Seder is a profound and multi-layered celebration with each aspect holding a special meaning. The naming of the four cups, while traditionally based on their sequential order, can be adapted to better reflect the rich symbolism and importance of each cup. Whether using the original names or adopting new, meaningful names, the essence of the Seder remains a poignant reminder of the freedom and liberation that the Exodus represents.