Understanding Varietal Wines: Clarifications and Best Practices

Vinology, the study of wine, often involves nuanced terms that may sometimes confuse newcomers. One such term is ‘varietal’. This article aims to clarify the meanings of variety and varietal, elaborate on the nuances of monovarietal wine, and provide best practices for using these terms correctly.

What Is Variety?

A variety refers to a specific type or kind of grape used in winemaking. For instance, when discussing the grape used in wine production, it is appropriate to use the term ‘variety’. A variety can develop over time through natural selection or human intervention, leading to unique traits and flavors. Grape varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, and Pinot Noir are commonly known and widely used in the wine industry.

What Is a Varietal Wine?

A varietal wine is a type of wine made primarily from a single variety of grapes. It captures the essence of the grape variety used, reflecting its distinct flavors and characteristics. For example, a Merlot varietal wine would predominantly be made from the Merlot grape variety.

Monovarietal vs. Multivarietal Wines

The term monovarietal wine specifically refers to a wine that is made solely from one grape variety. Monovarietal wines often highlight the unique flavors and characteristics associated with a particular grape variety. However, it is important to note that in some regions, a wine can be labeled as monovarietal even if it contains a higher percentage of a different variety. In California, for instance, a wine can be called monovarietal if it contains 75% of the main variety, with the remaining 25% being other varieties.

Nomenclature in Horticulture

In the realm of horticulture, the term variety is often used to describe a cultivated plant that has been developed from a natural species through selective breeding. A cultivar, on the other hand, is the term used to describe plants that are cultivated by humans, even if they may have originated naturally. This distinction is crucial as it influences the terminology used in wine grape classifications. Most grape varieties are technically cultivars, rather than true varieties, as they have been developed through human intervention.

Best Practices in Using the Terms

While the terms ‘variety’ and ‘varietal’ are related, they have distinct uses in the context of wine. It is best to use variety when referring to the type of grape used and varietal when describing the wine made from it. Here are some practical examples:

Using Variety in a Sentence: “What variety is this wine made from?” Using Varietal in a Sentence: “The excessive use of new oak barrels overpowers wines and conceals varietal character.”

While using the term varietal as a noun might seem sophisticated to some, it can be seen as technically incorrect and may confuse others who are familiar with the proper use of the term.

Conclusion

Vinology is a complex art, and understanding the precise terms used in the industry is crucial for both professionals and enthusiasts. By mastering the correct use of terms like variety and varietal, individuals can enhance their appreciation and knowledge of wine. Remember, while varietal wines capture the essence of a single grape variety, proper terminology can make all the difference in effective communication.