Understanding Secularism and Its Implications in India

The term secularism continues to be a topic of debate and discussion in India, often associated with political ideologies and cultural values. Some argue that secularism is a stance against Hinduism and that it does not align with the core principles of Hindu tradition. However, a closer look at history and current dynamics reveals a more nuanced understanding of secularism in the context of Indian society.

Secularism in Hindu Tradition

One might argue that a Hindu is always secular due to the inherent belief in non-interference in religious matters and the respect for all religions. The concept of secularism traces its roots to India's rich historical tapestry, where interfaith harmony has been a defining characteristic for over 5000 years. For instance, conquerors like Aurangzeb and Akbar had to adopt a secular approach to successfully rule the diverse populace, reflecting a tradition where religious harmony was paramount.

Moreover, the idea of a united nation transcended religious boundaries, as evidenced by the mixed armies that constituted the forces of both Hindu and Muslim rulers in times of conflict. This historical trend of secular governance is a testament to the long-standing tradition of peaceful coexistence among different communities.

Secular Politics and Its Challenges

The debate over secularism in Indian politics is often muddled with other political and social issues. Social scientists and intellectuals play a crucial role in shaping public discourse, but their influence in the electoral system is limited. Elections are not just about governance and national stability; they are often platforms for goods and services trade, where electoral politics become intertwined with material gains.

The current political landscape is riddled with allegations and accusations. The Modi anti-secular narrative, which posits that the ruling party is undermining secularism, is one such example. However, a closer examination reveals that many leading Muslim scholars and community leaders, such as Maulana Azad and Maulana Hussain Ahmad Madni, opposed the idea of a separate Muslim state (Pakistan) and supported a united India.

Current Political Dynamics and Elections

The ongoing political dynamics in India highlight the often chaotic and materialistic nature of electoral processes. Instead of voting based on ideological or political beliefs, many voters make decisions based on personal gains, such as cash or alcohol. This has led to a trend where governments are increasingly seen as mere profit-making enterprises rather than institutions dedicated to public welfare.

For instance, the recent example of a woman from the northeast of India, who battled against AFSPA for years, contesting an election without the necessary resources, demonstrates the disparity between public discourse and real-world electoral practices. Her significant loss is indicative of the superficial engagement that often characterizes elections in developing nations.

Conclusion

While secularism is occasionally criticized, the historical and cultural context of India supports a more nuanced view. It is not a mere exercise in political correctness but a deeply ingrained tradition of harmonious coexistence. The challenge lies in aligning electoral and governance practices with this ethos. Intellectuals and policymakers must work towards ensuring that secular principles remain a cornerstone of India's societal fabric to counter the forces of communalism and materialism.

As society evolves, it is essential to learn from the lessons of history and avoid the pitfalls of short-term gains over long-term goodwill. While individuals like Mahatma Gandhi have set high moral and ethical standards, it is up to the collective to ensure that such ideals are not forgotten in the pursuit of political power.

Keywords: secularism, Hindutva, Modi anti-secular, Indian politics