The Risks of Driving Under the Influence of Cannabis Compared to Drunk Driving
Drivers often see or smell people smoking weed while behind the wheel. While the capabilities of driving under the influence of cannabis may differ from drunk driving, it is essential to understand the risks involved. This article delves into the comparative effects of both substances on driving performance and explores the consequences of impaired driving, whether due to alcohol or cannabis.
Understanding Impaired Driving
Impaired driving involves driving with reduced cognitive or physical abilities, regardless of the source. Cannabis, particularly edibles, can induce a high that mimics the effects of alcohol. While some may argue that cannabis affects reaction times, it is crucial to acknowledge that both substances are equally dangerous when in a driver's system.
Historical Studies on Alcoholic Impairment
A comprehensive study conducted over 55 years ago investigated the effects of various alcohol consumption levels on driving performance. The research concluded that discernible impairments in driving capability only became apparent at double the legal limit. However, this study did not account for reflexes or psychological behavior, focusing solely on driving performance.
Other factors such as fatigue, whether due to lack of sleep, too much driving, or systematic fatigue, can significantly worsen driving capabilities. Additionally, the use of methamphetamine, particularly ice, can lead to a sense of invulnerability and reckless behavior, which can be equally dangerous on the roads.
Comparative Effects of Alcohol and Cannabis on Driving
While alcohol typically causes greater measurable impairment, its effects wear off more quickly. In contrast, the negative driving effects of cannabis are more persistent, even with regular use. Weekly cannabis users have a risk of road accidents that is about 1 in 3.5 million journeys, which is significantly higher than the base risk for all road users (about 1 in 5 million). This increase in risk is similar to the odds of winning some national lotteries.
The THC in cannabis takes over 24 hours to be at low enough levels in the system, while alcohol takes about 1 hour per 10ml of pure alcohol (equivalent to about 2 hours per US drink and 1 hour for most of the rest of the world).
Combining Alcohol and Cannabis
The combination of alcohol and cannabis is far riskier than either substance alone. A joint yesterday and a drink today can significantly increase the risk of a road accident. This underscores the importance of abstinence from both substances before driving.
Some argue that certain drivers may drive high but never get into an accident, similar to the claims made about alcoholic intoxication in the 1970s. However, while this may be true for individual incidents, the overall risk of using cannabis and driving compounds significantly over time, contributing to a proportion of road deaths ranging from 10 to 15% in New Zealand.
Furthermore, while there is a higher number of fatal accidents involving cannabis users, it is important to consider that cannabis users are often also more likely to be bad drivers than the average person. Cannabis use is a strong indicator of driving risk, although proving a causal effect is challenging.
Ultimately, driving under the influence of either substance increases the risk of accidents and fatalities. The consensus is that cannabis may be slightly worse, but the issue is complex, and the debate is likely to remain unresolved.
Conclusion
Regardless of the substance, driving under the influence of cannabis or alcohol is extremely dangerous and irresponsible. Abstaining from both before driving is the safest course of action. Drive straight, and stay safe on the roads.