The EU’s Stance on Catalonian Independence: A Call for Respect of Human Rights and Self-Determination

The debate over Catalonian independence has garnered significant attention within both the European Union and the broader international community. The events of October 2017 marked a critical juncture in the region's quest for autonomy. This article explores the EU's views on Catalonian independence, emphasizing the importance of human rights, self-determination, and inter-state relations.

The Catalonian Declaration of Independence - A Brief Overview

On October 27, 2017, the Parliament of Catalonia adopted a resolution declaring the independence of Catalonia from Spain and the establishment of the Catalan Republic. This declaration, however, faced staunch opposition from the international community, including the European Union.

The decision to declare independence was made in the aftermath of the September 2017 independence referendum, which saw a significant turnout and a clear majority supporting Catalan independence. Despite this, the Spanish Constitutional Court suspended the legal basis for this referendum, leading to mixed reactions and procedural challenges.

The Role of the EU in Catalonian Independence

The European Union (EU) has traditionally upheld the principles of democratic governance, human rights, and the rule of law. However, its response to the events in Catalonia highlighted the complexities and nuances of international relations.

Article 155 of the Spanish Constitution, invoked on October 27, 2017, provided the catalyst for dismissing the Catalan President and calling for fresh elections. This action by the Spanish government was met with mixed reactions within the EU, reflecting differing interpretations of state interests and human rights.

Inconsistencies with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) provides a robust framework for the protection of human rights and self-determination. Key articles include:

Article 1: 'All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.' Article 2: 'Everyone has the right to a nationality, and no one shall be arbitrarily deprived of their nationality nor denied the right to change their nationality.' Article 21: 'Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives. No one may be compelled to belong to an association. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government. This will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections, which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.'

While the Spanish government has the right to maintain unity and sovereignty, its actions have been criticized for disregarding the principles outlined in the UDHR. The physical attacks on citizens during the referendum, the suspension of a legally valid referendum, and the refusal to discuss grievances peacefully underscore the need for a more nuanced approach to managing inter-state relations.

The EU's Duty to Uphold Human Rights and Self-Determination

E.U. member states, especially those with a history of authoritarianism, have a responsibility to advocate for the rights of peoples to self-determination. The refusal to engage in meaningful dialogue and the use of force against citizens who seek to express their will through democratic means are in direct contravention of these principles.

The EU must continue to engage with Spain and Catalonia to find a peaceful resolution that respects the rights of all parties involved. This includes ensuring that future referendums and governance structures adhere strictly to democratic and human rights norms.

In conclusion, the EU's approach to Catalonian independence reflects a complex web of interests and norms. While respecting national unity is important, so too is upholding the fundamental principles of human rights and self-determination. The EU must continue to be a voice for these principles, fostering dialogue and peaceful resolution.

Keywords: Catalan independence, European Union, universal declaration of human rights, self-determination, Article 155