Survival in Combat: What an Infantryman Needs to Do

The experience of combat can be incredibly grueling and unpredictable, yet understanding and preparing for it can significantly increase the chances of survival. Drawing from my own experience serving as an infantryman during the Vietnam War and later in Iraq and Afghanistan, I aim to provide a comprehensive guide on necessary survival techniques and mindset adjustments for those entering or already in the field.

Understanding Combat Stress and Reactions

Entering combat at an older age than most, at 24, provided a unique perspective on the emotional and psychological challenges combatants face. Many of my younger high school friends had enlisted or been drafted into service at 19 or 20, and discussing their experiences with them was insightful. I found that their reactions to fear, the confusion of identifying enemy targets, and the constant noise were part of the norm. These experiences helped me prepare and face the realities of combat more effectively.

One of the most surprising aspects of combat for me was the difficulty in hearing the guy next to you and the near invisibility of targets. Tracers, explosions, and dust kicked up by shellfire often masked visual cues, making it challenging to discern enemy positions accurately. Instead, I had to rely on where I believed the enemy was and force them to crouch by firing at those areas, knowing that the explosion would temporarily mask their shots.

Survival Techniques

The overarching principle for survival in combat is to fight on a daily basis, with the primary goal being to get rounds downrange as quickly as possible. This not only protects you but also keeps your mind focused on action rather than fear. Fear becomes numbing when your brain is occupied with the logistics of combat, leaving less room for anxiety and hesitation.

Adhering to Orders and Maintaining Discipline

During combat, it is crucial to follow orders and maintain discipline. Adherence to basic directives ensures the safety of your teammates and your mission's success. It is vital to remember your training because it serves as your primary guide. However, the hero complex can be dangerously self-destructive. Avoid charging a machine gun nest or engaging in any action that suggests you are trying to single-handedly eliminate an enemy position. This only increases the likelihood of being killed.

Avoid becoming a medal chaser, as these individuals are universally despised. Their reckless behavior endangers not just themselves but their comrades as well. Combat is about fighting for your life and the lives of those around you every day. Embrace the daily challenge with a mindset of survival, not heroics.

Training and Preparedness

Just as important as a solid combat mindset is the physical and mental training. Your body and mind need to be prepared for the grueling conditions of combat. Establish a routine of physical training that simulates the demands of combat, both in terms of endurance and agility. Additionally, immerse yourself in mental exercises that bolster your resilience and decision-making capabilities.

The FM 7-8 manual provides invaluable guidance on the necessary maneuvers and tactics for infantry operations. Train yourself thoroughly with these drills and principles, ensuring you are up-to-date with the latest techniques and strategies. This manual and others like it should be reviewed and practiced regularly to maintain your preparedness.

Training should not be limited to individual efforts. As a leader, you must also train your men thoroughly. Trust in their skills and abilities, as it is your responsibility to have trained them well. Empower your men by giving them tasks that build confidence and self-reliance, thereby fostering a cohesive and effective combat unit.

Conclusion

Surviving combat requires a combination of mental fortitude, adherence to disciplined orders, and rigorous training. By understanding the psychological and operational realities of combat and preparing accordingly, you can enhance your chances of survival and mission success. Remember, combat is about fighting for your life daily, and the path to survival lies in following orders, maintaining discipline, and staying trained.