Navigating Islam in Scandinavia: An Inside Perspective
The recent animosity towards Muslims in some parts of Scandinavia, especially Sweden, has led to a series of heated debates and unfortunate incidents. However, one thing that stands clear is that religion, particularly Islam, is considered a private matter in Sweden. This article aims to provide an insider's view on what it's like to be Muslim in Scandinavia, focusing on the challenges, cultural overlaps, and the evolving social landscape.
Religion as a Private Matter in Sweden
Contrary to some perceptions, most Swedes do not openly discuss their faith, which is primarily influenced by Lutheran Christianity. When religion does become visible, it often causes reactions and misunderstandings. For example, the use of religious terms in profanity is a common feature in Swedish language, but it does not reflect a general societal inclination towards religion.
The article by Chris Ebberts highlights this important aspect very well. Religion in Sweden is a deeply personal affair, and discussing it openly is not the norm. However, when it becomes more visible, as in the case of a Muslim woman wearing a veil at work, it can lead to reactions and challenges.
Cultural Minorities and Their Experiences
Since the mid-1980s, I have had Muslim colleagues more often than not. Some of them identified as cultural Muslims, similar to the majority of Swedes who are "cultural Lutherans." One of my earliest colleagues, however, had converted to Islam following her marriage. She was one of the few who wore a veil at the workplace, which was quite unique in my circle.
Being an observant Muslim or being brought up in a religiously strict home puts you into a minority position, much like being homosexual or a devote Christian. However, this minority status comes with its own set of practical challenges. While it is generally not a big problem to arrange for days off work for religious holidays, getting adequate time for daily prayers can be more difficult in some workplaces.
It is worth noting that people who have already belonged to a minority in their native country, such as my co-worker who was born in Thailand, tend to face fewer adaptation challenges. Her ease in fitting in was a testament to the fact that once you belong to a minority, it is easier to adapt to a new environment.
Workplace Bullying and Cultural Sensitivity
Belonging to a minority can also make you more sensitive to workplace bullying. However, it is crucial to understand that the bullying is often not specifically religious in nature. Instead, the topic chosen by bullies is the form of "difference" that the victim is perceived to have. Many victims of workplace bullying, whether based on sexual orientation, religion, or other factors, often feel that if only they were different in another way, they would not be subjected to such mean behavior.
The Scandinavian mix of individualism and collectivism can also be challenging for immigrants. While the superficial image of Swedish society as highly individualistic might be true, in reality, people often care more about blending in rather than being different. Recognizing this, one can adjust their behavior to fit in, thereby reducing the likelihood of being singled out or bullied.
The Political Landscape and Risks
Scandinavia has witnessed a rise in anti-Muslim political parties, with one explicitly anti-Muslim group currently polling at around 20%. This means there is a risk of encountering such individuals, and there have been incidents, particularly targeting women who wear covered headwear. It is essential to be vigilant and aware of the broader political context while navigating daily life in Scandinavia.
From a personal perspective, the experiences of people like Akbar Seddigh, who used to be the CEO of a company I previously worked with, provide a glimpse into how different people's experiences can vary significantly. Factors such as gender, occupation, and background all play a role in shaping one's experience as a Muslim in Scandinavia.
In conclusion, while there are challenges, being Muslim in Scandinavia is not as black and white as it might seem. Despite the visible tension and political undercurrents, there is still a supportive and understanding environment for those who choose to live and work here. Muslims in Scandinavia navigate a complex but ultimately enriching experience, balancing personal and cultural differences with the demands of modern society.