Is It Safe to Eat a Mussel if the Shell Didn't Open During Cooking?

Introduction

If you've ever found yourself with a closed mussel while cooking, you might have wondered whether it was safe to eat. Many diners are unsure about the safety of consuming mussels that remain closed, leading to confusion and unnecessary concerns. In this article, we will explore the scientific data surrounding this issue and disprove the common myth that closed mussels are dangerous.

Common Misconception

It is commonly believed that mussels should be cooked until they open, and any mussels that remain closed should not be consumed. However, this belief is based on an outdated understanding of mussel behavior and safety.

Scientific Insights

1. Why Do Mussels Close During Cooking?
Mussels have a muscle that keeps their shells closed, and it only relaxes when the mussel is dead or when subjected to heat. When mussels are in the cooking process, they typically close their shells as a reflex or response to heat. This closure occurs before the mussel's internal muscle becomes weak enough to allow the shell to open. Therefore, mussels that remain closed are likely still alive and safe to eat.

2. Food Safety Data
A study conducted by Seafood Services Australia provides scientific evidence. This study found that dead mussels either have already open shells that won't close, or they split open easily during cooking because the muscle holding the shell closed is limp. In contrast, closed mussels that remain closed after cooking are safe to eat.

3. Expert Opinions
Nick Ruello, a mussel expert and fisheries biologist, conducted a study where he cooked and ate over 30 batches of mussels. His findings supported the safety of eating mussels that remain closed. In his research, he noted that it is the mussels that open early, before being fully cooked, that are riskier to consume as they may contain harmful pathogens.

Conclusion

There is overwhelming scientific data supporting the safety of eating mussels that did not open during cooking. As long as you are meticulous in your preparation, ensuring that your mussels are thoroughly cooked, there is no need to be concerned about the risk of illness from closed mussels. It is also advisable to always use your senses—such as smelling stagnant odors—in seafood before cooking to ensure quality and safety.

To learn more about the risks of eating mussels and other shellfish, visit the following resources:

Risks of Eating Dead Mussels - eHow The Rule About Not Eating Closed Mussels Is Actually Complicated Mussel myth an open and shut case - Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science ABC Science