Calculation of CO2 Volume Produced in Reaction Between CaCO3 and HCl

In this article, we will explore the calculation of CO2 volume produced in the reaction between 0.25 grams of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and an excess of dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl). We will delve into the principles of the reaction, the ideal gas law, and the stoichiometry involved.

Chemical Reaction and Stoichiometry

The reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid is given by the equation:

$$text{CaCO}_{3}(s) 2text{HCl}(aq) rightarrow text{CaCl}_{2}(s) text{H}_{2}text{O}(l) text{CO}_{2}(g) uparrow$$

From this equation, it is clear that 1 mole of CaCO3 reacts to produce 1 mole of CO2 at NTP (Normal Temperature and Pressure).

Determination of CO2 Volume at NTP

At NTP (Normal Temperature and Pressure), 1 mole of any gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters. Here’s how we can calculate the volume of CO2 produced when 0.25 grams of CaCO3 reacts with excess HCl.

First, let’s determine the molar mass of CaCO3. The molar mass of CaCO3 is approximately 100 g/mol. Therefore, the amount of CaCO3 in moles can be calculated as:

$$text{n} frac{0.25 text{ g}}{100 text{ g/mol}} 0.0025 text{ moles}$$

As per the stoichiometry of the reaction, 1 mole of CaCO3 produces 1 mole of CO2. Hence, 0.25 moles of CaCO3 will produce 0.25 moles of CO2.

Now, using the ideal gas law at NTP, 1 mole of CO2 occupies a volume of 22.4 liters. Therefore, the volume of CO2 produced can be calculated as follows:

$$text{Volume of CO2} 0.0025 text{ moles} times 22.4 text{ L/mol} 0.056 text{ L}$$

This volume can also be expressed in milliliters (ml), as 1 liter 1000 ml:

$$0.056 text{ L} 0.056 times 1000 text{ ml} 56 text{ ml} text{ CO2}$$

Calculation Methodology

To summarize, we utilized the following steps to determine the volume of CO2 produced:

Calculate the amount of CaCO3 in moles using its molar mass. Determine the number of moles of CO2 produced based on the stoichiometry of the reaction. Apply the ideal gas law to find the volume of CO2 at NTP.

By following the above steps, we concluded that 0.25 grams of CaCO3 will produce 56 milliliters of CO2 at NTP.

Conclusion

The volume of CO2 produced from the reaction between 0.25 grams of CaCO3 and excess HCl can be accurately calculated using the principles of stoichiometry and the ideal gas law. This method provides a reliable way to predict gas volumes in similar chemical reactions.

Keywords: CO2 volume calculation, Calcium Carbonate, HCl Reaction, Ideal Gas Law, NTP